formation du pétrole

Sunday, September 28, 2008 Edit This 3 Comments »
Bon aujourd'hui,je V vous parler en français... C'est un peu difficile,mais bon,on essaie quand même =) Comme vous savez bien,j'suis etudiante de la geologie et dans 2 ans,inchAllah je poursuivrai mes etudes en etudes du pétrole (c'est un peu banal non? =s) J'suis un peu curieuse,est-ce qu'il y a dans le quran,Allah dit sur ce sujet (formation du pétrole),on sait que Allah parle beaucoup sur le univers,la montagne,le ciel etc etc (suhbhanallah).

voilou ce que j'ai trouvé :

Au nom d’Allah, le Tout Miséricordieux, le Très Miséricordieux
Glorifie le nom de ton Seigneur, le Très Haut, (1) Celui Qui a créé et agencé harmonieusement, (2) qui a décrété et guidé, (3) et qui a fait pousser le pâturage, (4) et en a fait ensuite un foin sombre. (5)


Dengan nama Allah, Yang Maha Pemurah, lagi Maha Mengasihani
Bertasbihlah mensucikan nama Tuhanmu Yang Maha Tinggi (dari segala sifat-sifat kekurangan). (1) Yang telah menciptakan (sekalian makhlukNya) serta menyempurnakan kejadiannya dengan kelengkapan yang sesuai dengan keadaannya. (2) Dan Yang telah mengatur (keadaan makhluk-makhlukNya) serta memberikan hidayat petunjuk (ke jalan keselamatannya dan kesempurnaannya). (3) Dan Yang telah mengeluarkan tumbuh-tumbuhan untuk binatang-binatang ternak. (4) Kemudian Dia menjadikan (tumbuh-tumbuhan yang menghijau) itu kering (berubah warnanya) kehitam-hitaman. (5)
87:1-5
et aussi ....

Tuhan yang telah menjadikan api (boleh didapati) dari pohon-pohon yang hijau basah untuk kegunaan kamu, maka kamu pun selalu menyalakan api dari pohon-pohon itu. (80)

c’est Lui qui, de l’arbre vert, a fait pour vous du feu, et voilà que de cela vous allumez. (80)
36:80
courtesy www.quranexplorer.com


Les trois éléments identifiés dans les quatre premiers versets de la sourate al-A'la font le parallèle avec la formation du pétrole. Il est probable que le terme mar'aa signifiant "pâturage ou prairie", se réfère aux substances organiques à partir desquelles se forme le pétrole. Le second terme notable dans le verset est ahwa, utilisé pour décrire une couleur noirâtre qui tend vers le vert, un vert foncé, des couleurs sombres et charbonneuses. On peut aussi penser que ce mot sert à décrire la matière issue de la dégradation des plantes, qui s'accumule dans le sol et qui vire progressivement au noir, étant donné que ces mots sont appuyés par un troisième mot, ghouthaa, traduit par le mot foin, et qui équivaudrait à "humus, assemblage de déchets de différentes plantes amassés et dispersés dans les vallées, détritus, feuilles ou écume". En plus de la connotation de "vomir" que véhicule ce mot, il peut également évoquer l'idée de "répandre de la matière vomie", et décrit la façon dont la Terre "vomit" du pétrole. En fait à la lumière des connaissances que nous avons au sujet de la formation du pétrole, la façon dont il émerge, son apparence mousseuse et sa couleur, on peut mieux comprendre la sagesse que renferme l'emploi de ces mots dans ces versets.




p/s: le pétrole se forme à partir de la décomposition de plantes et d'animaux. Une fois que ces derniers se dégradent au fond de la mer durant des millions d'années, tout ce qu'il en reste ce sont des substances huileuses. Celles-ci, enfouies sous des épaisseurs de boue et de roche, se transforment en pétrole et en gaz. Les mouvements de l'écorce terrestre aboutissent quelques fois à la pétrification de la mer et à l'enfouissement des roches pétrolifères sous plusieurs milliers de mètres de profondeur. Le pétrole qui se forme quelques fois fuit à travers les pores des couches de roches situées à plusieurs kilomètres de profondeur, et monte à la surface où il s'évapore (sous forme de gaz), laissant derrière lui une masse de bitume.


Allah akbar! c'est un epreuve que le coran est la parole de dieu

blue bubble gums

Saturday, September 27, 2008 Edit This 0 Comments »
Mr D said "hey did u know,France is awful!"
I said " excuse me!? and why is that?"
Mr D replied " Because u put everything in a dustbin! I'm not so sure,but I guess Eu imposed a fine bcos of this problem".......

I was shocked to hear that,not bcos France is awful,but bcos Malaysia is worse!
Is it so hard to recycle? Is it so hard to separate ur bin? put paper in ur yellow bag and glass in green bag and the rest in ur black plastic. It's so simple!

Oh how it hurts to hear some1 said
  1. "we dont recycle,sorry" (selfish!!!!!!)
  2. "If we dont recycle,doesnt mean world will explose tomorrow" ( so u r going to wait the world explose then? )
  3. "it's wasting time ok!it's very complicated! (i guess complex number is much more complex! haha)
  4. "we dont know how" (cant u google? duh!)
  5. "Malaysia ta guna sistem mcm kat France la yana" (abes tu,ta bleyh start ke?)
  6. "Relax ! it can decay" (i know that,but it takes time n space,u want to live on tree? ooops we no longer hav trees,we used it for papers"
  7. "who's care?" ( i care!)
etc etc etc too many unacceptable reasons!

Imagine every1 think like above,I dont think in 20 years,we still can have a fresh air to breath nor enough meterials to produce plastics nor to drink Coke in can.
Could we stand together to make this world better? start with small thing,RECYCLE! .
I dont have courage to stand up in front of people to force them to take care of our nature,but i know i can recycle =)

Did u know? For example, making new aluminium cans from recycled cans uses 20 times less energy than making cans from the raw material.so we less need to dig up or mine new raw materials, which often damages the surrounding environment.

I dont think i need to emphasize here why YOU should recycle.So let's take ur yellow bag (France) n fill with all ur unuse papers! easy right?

Save earth = save ur self,ur generation! =)

Truthfully,

miss tree hugger =)

Tournage

Wednesday, September 17, 2008 Edit This 9 Comments »
I dont know if i ever mentioned before that i went to Chez Marie.Sleepover there for about 4 nights.It was awesome! we went shopping together,then her mother took us to Andorra! Andorra is a small country.I felt like in a fairy tale.U know why? It's situated up in the hill! I cant b relax in the car! the zig zag ways makes me sick! so i decided to sleep before we started to climb the hill.The scenary is cool! very green! when i woke up,we already arrived there! u wont expect that there exist a country there! It fulls with supermarket,shops,restaurants etc.but the other part is the old town (lame europe hehe).As usual,all the money flowed like u drink cold coke when masuk waktu berbuka hehhe It's darn cheap there (compare to France )! Then we went to Eaux chaudes,i think the name describes the place well.There is a water source (NaS) which is very very hot 70°C! even the temperature was 37°C.There is a pool ( c'est pa tt à fait pool lol) where u can mandi² if u want.We put our legs in .It was hot at first but it feels relaxxxxxx.

First day there,Marie took me to Foix where we had a shooting (tournage) a film (HARRY POTTER à l'ecole de sorciere wuhuu!).It was tired!.That night they just shot a 3 minutes of the fim,,but it took about 3 hours to do it! Basically,they start to shot in 2004 n they just finished last august.We will wait the premier of the film this Christmas.yeay! I just wanna show u the bande annonce (trailer) hehe,any1 can mark me?


HASARDER

Thursday, September 04, 2008 Edit This 4 Comments »
"on hasarde de perdre en voulant trop gagner"


4 sept 2009
inscription - done! 

I'm officially a sophomore of university of pau and pays l'adour!
Hope 2008/2009 will bring lot of luck,happiness and smile,InchAllah =)
4 more days to pening-pening kepala! I wish summer is forever....

2007/2008

only 50% of SDT's students left for the new semester

hepatitis-symptom and prevention

Tuesday, September 02, 2008 Edit This 2 Comments »

Signs and Symptoms

Hepatitis, in its early stages, may cause flu-like symptoms, including:

  • malaise (a general ill feeling)
  • fever
  • muscle aches
  • loss of appetite
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • diarrhea
  • jaundice (a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes)

But some people with hepatitis may have no symptoms at all and may not even know they're infected. Children with hepatitis A, for example, usually have mild symptoms or have no symptoms.

If hepatitis progresses, its symptoms begin to point to the liver as the source of illness. Chemicals normally secreted by the liver begin to build up in the blood, which causes:

  • jaundice
  • foul breath
  • a bitter taste in the mouth
  • dark or "tea-colored" urine
  • white, light, or "clay-colored" stools

There can also be abdominal pain, which may be centered below the right ribs (over a tender, swollen liver) or below the left ribs (over a tender spleen).

Prevention

In general, to prevent viral hepatitis you should:

  • Follow good hygiene and avoid crowded, unhealthy living conditions.
  • Take extra care, particularly when drinking and swimming, if you travel to areas of the world where sanitation is poor and water quality is uncertain.
  • Never eat shellfish from waters contaminated by sewage.
  • Remind everyone in your family to wash their hands thoroughly after using the toilet and before eating.
  • Use antiseptic cleansers to clean any toilet, sink, potty-chair, or bedpan used by someone in the family who develops hepatitis.

Because contaminated needles and syringes are a major source of hepatitis infection, it's a good idea to encourage drug awareness programs in your community and schools. At home, speak to your child frankly and frequently about the dangers of drug use. It's also important to encourage abstinence and safe sex for teens, in order to eliminate their risk of hepatitis infection through sexual contact.

A hepatitis A vaccine is available, and is especially recommended for those who:

  • travel abroad
  • have other forms of liver disease
  • have many sexual partners
  • are in high-risk occupations, such as health-care and child-care personnel

If you're planning to travel abroad, consult your doctor in advance so you and your family have enough time to complete the required immunizations. The vaccine is especially useful for staff of child-care facilities or schools where they may be at risk of exposure.

There's also a hepatitis B vaccine, which should be given to both children and adults as part of routine immunization.

Unfortunately, there's no vaccine for hepatitis C — animal studies indicate that it may not be possible because the virus doesn't cause the kind of response that would be needed for a vaccine to be successful.


Why i write this? just wanna ppl be aware with these viruses,it attacked 2 most beloved ppl in my life,hopefully it will give u some information how to prevent and deal with it =)

Hepatitis-type

Tuesday, September 02, 2008 Edit This 5 Comments »

The word hepatitis simply means an inflammation of the liver without pinpointing a specific cause. Someone with hepatitis may:

  • have one of several disorders, including viral or bacterial infection of the liver
  • have a liver injury caused by a toxin (poison)
  • have liver damage caused by interruption of the organ's normal blood supply
  • be experiencing an attack by his or her own immune system through an autoimmune disorder
  • have experienced trauma to the abdomen in the area of the liver
In some rare cases, the Epstein Barr Virus (which causesmononucleosis) can also result in hepatitis because it can cause inflammation of the liver. Other viruses and bacteria that also can cause hepatitis include hepatitis D and E, varicella (chickenpox), and cytomegalovirus (CMV).

Hepatitis A
In children, the most common form of hepatitis is hepatitis A (also called infectious hepatitis). This form is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), which lives in the stools (feces or poop) of infected individuals. Infected stool can be present in small amounts in food and on objects (from doorknobs to diapers).

The hepatitis A virus is spread:

  • when someone ingests anything that's contaminated with HAV-infected stool (this makes it easy for the virus to spread in overcrowded, unsanitary living conditions)
  • in water, milk, and foods, especially in shellfish

Because hepatitis A can be a mild infection, particularly in children, it's possible for some people to be unaware that they have had the illness. In fact, although medical tests show that about 40% of urban Americans have had hepatitis A, only about 5% recall being sick. Although the hepatitis A virus can cause prolonged illness up to 6 months, it typically only causes short-lived illnesses and it does not cause chronic liver disease.

Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B (also called serum hepatitis) is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV can cause a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from general malaise to chronic liver disease that can lead to liver cancer.

The hepatitis B virus spreads through:

  • infected body fluids, such as blood, saliva, semen, vaginal fluids, tears, and urine
  • a contaminated blood transfusion (uncommon in the United States)
  • shared contaminated needles or syringes for injecting drugs
  • sexual activity with an HBV-infected person
  • transmission from HBV-infected mothers to their newborn babies

Hepatitis C
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is spread by direct contact with an infected person's blood. The symptoms of the hepatitis C virus can be very similar to those of the hepatitis A and B viruses. However, infection with the hepatitis C virus can lead to chronic liver disease and is the leading reason for liver transplant.

The hepatitis C virus can be spread by:

  • sharing drug needles
  • getting a tattoo or body piercing with unsterilized tools
  • blood transfusions (especially ones that occurred before 1992; blood supply has been routinely screened for the disease)
  • transmission from mother to newborn
  • sexual contact (although this is less common)

Hepatitis C is also a common threat in kidney dialysis centers. Rarely, people living with an infected person can contract the disease by sharing items that might contain that person's blood, such as razors or toothbrushes.